This is an interesting graphical explanation on how the HTTPS handshaking occurs.

http://sudhakar.online/programming/2015/08/09/https.html

Most people working in Web Services don’t understand the HTTPS handshaking implications. This is a critical information to know since it can potentially have a detrimental effect on High Latency network connections.

Some more information about this, can be retrieved on the following websites.

 

Good overview, it requires a basic IT knowledge:

http://robertheaton.com/2014/03/27/how-does-https-actually-work/

Very Technical article, it requires a good IT background:

http://www.moserware.com/2009/06/first-few-milliseconds-of-https.html

Only for Chuck Norris IT level:

https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6101